Diabetes

The concept "diabetes"A group of endocrine endocrities developed as a result of the absolute or relative failure of the hormone in the bodyinsulin.Given this situation, the patient manifests itselfHyperglycemia- an important increase in the amount of glucose in the human blood.Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by a chronic course.During the development of the disease, the violation of metabolism as a whole: is violatedfat,protein,carbohydrate,mineralAndwater saltExchange.According to statistics, about 150 million people are sick in the world of diabetes.By the way, not only one person, but also animals, such as cats, diabetics.

The meaning of the word "diabetes" from Greek is "ending."Therefore the concept of "Diabetes Mellitus" means "lose sugar."In this case, the main sign of the disease is shown - the secretion of the sugar in the urine.To date, there are many research on the causes of these diseases, but the reasons for the manifestation of the disease and the reasons for its complications have not yet been established.

Types of diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus sometimes happens as one of the manifestations of the main disease in humans.We are talking in this situationSymptomatic diabetesmay occur in the background of defeatthyroidorpancreas gland,adrenal glands,Pituitary gland.In addition, this form of diabetes is developing as a result of some medications.If the treatment of the main disease is successfully, diabetes are treated.

Diabetes Mellitus is usually divided into two forms: ThisType 1 Diabetes, ThisInconvenience in insulinAnd both2 Write diabetes, that'sInconvenience in insulin.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus shows itself in the most young people: As a rule, most of these patients do not have thirty years of age.About 10-15% of the total number of diabetes are exposed to this form of disease.In children, Mellitus diabetes shows itself in this form.

The diabetes of the first type is a result of harm to the beta cells of the insulin-producing pancreas.Very often, this type of diabetes is sick after viral diseases -plug,viral hepatitis,Rublich.Often occur as diabetes of the first typeOtoimmune diseasebBecause of the flaw in the body's immune system.As a rule, in a person who is ill with diabetes, is self-evil self-sophistication.Sugar levels in the blood are significantly increasing.Patients with the first diabetics type depend on the permanent injection of life.

Among the diabetics, the 2 types of diabetes are dominated by type 2 diabetes.At the same time, about 15% of patients with this form of disease have normal weight and everyone is overweight.

Type 2 diabetes, radically develops as a result of a different cause.In this case, beta cells are produced enough or very insulin, but the tissues in the body lose their ability to accept their own private signal.In this case, insulin injections for survival are not required, but sometimes it is determined to manage the patient's blood sugar.

Causes of diabetes

One of the types of type 1 type of diabetes"Insulin -defendent", the main cause of this form may be complications after viral infections, for example,influenza,herpesAnd bothcholelithiasis.Type 2 Contributing Factors to Diabetes"Insulin -defendent", genetically inclined, as well as endocrine systems and obesity diseases.

The main reason for the manifestation of diabetes was impairedCarbohydrate metabolism, it shows itself due to the impossible insulin hormone or necessary quality of insulin producing insulin.There are many assumptions related to the reasons for such a state.It is known that diabetes are not the most intense disease.There is a theory of genetic flaws of the cause of the disease.Close relatives are proven to have a higher risk of people with diabetics.Diabetes are especially high in the people diagnosed in both parents.

Experts appoint another important factor that directly affects the possibility of diabetesobesity.In this situation, a person is accessible to regulate its weight, so you should treat this issue with all seriousness.

Another provocative factor is a number of diseases, the result is defeatBeta cells.We're talking firstpancreatitis,Diseases of other diapers of internal excrement,pancreas cancer.

Viral infections can serve as a kind of trigger mechanism for diabetes.Viral infections "Launch" diabetes in each situation.However, people who are inherited by diabetes and other regulation factors are higher than the infection.

In addition, doctors identify as a factor in a factor.emphasisAnd emotional overtrara.Older people must remember the possibilities of the patient: a person will be older and the disease will be more.

At the same time, many sugar and sweet products with diabetes are the hypothesis of many people who love to eat a large number of sugar and sweet products in such people.

In more rarely, diabetes in children and adults, as a result of certain hormonal disorders in the body, it occurs as a result of alcohol operation or damage to some medications.

Another hypothesis shows the nature of the diabetes.Thus, type 1 diabetes can manifest itself by producing the pancreas's beta cells and insulin.In response, the immune system producesantibodiesIt is calledinsul -ess.

But so far there are many dark dots in determining the causes of diabetes.

Symptoms of diabetes

Symptoms of diabetes are primarily in the manufacture of very tight urine.A person is not only often but not much (a phenomenon) begins to urinatePolyuria).Such a phenomenon has a lot of patientsStrong thirst.Together with urine, differsglucose, a man loses calories.Therefore, the sign of diabetes will always be a very strong appetite due to a sense of hunger.

Other unpleasant events occur as symptoms of diabetes: severe fatigue,Continually drowsiness, the existence of itching in perineum.The patient can freeze the limbs and the sharpness of vision gradually decreases.

The disease is progressing and manifests the following signs of diabetes.It notes that the patient heals worse, and gradually hinders the life of the body as a whole.

The main symptoms of the diabetes, the loss of the diabetes, the loss of the liquid consumed, the sense of thirst, which is consumed, is a fast sense of excretory.

However, first signs of diabetes cannot be seen in general, and the disease can only be determined by laboratory tests.If the disease does not appear, a slightly increased sugar content in the blood is detected and in urine, then diagnosed in a personPrediabetic situation.It is characteristic of many people and prepares type 2 diabetes in ten to fifteen years.In this case, insulin does not perform the split functionCarbohydrates.As a result, a very small glucose enters the bloodstream.

Diabetes diagnosis

Diabetes Mellitus gradually manifests itself in a person, so doctors distinguish three cycles.Due to the presence of some risk factors, so many intensified cycles in people who prone to the diseasePuncibet.If glucose is already absorbed with diseases, the signs of the disease still occur, the patient period is diagnosedHidden diabetes.The third period is the development of direct disease.

Laboratory tests are of special importance for diabetes diabetes in children and adults.When you are investigating the urine, it is foundacetoneAndsugar.The fastest method for diagnosis is a blood test where glucose content is determined.This is the most reliable diagnostic method.

Higher research accuracy guarantees the verbal tolerance of glucose tolerance.In the first place, it is necessary to determine which level of glucose is in an empty stomach in the patient's blood.After that, a person should drink a glass of water in which 75 grams of glucose are pre-established.A second measurement is carried out in two hours.The result of glucose content is 3.3 to 7.0 mmol / l, then glucose tolerance, 11.1 mmol / l is diagnosed with patient diabetes.

In addition, a blood test is carried out during diabetes diagnosisglycogendTo determine the middle level of blood sugar over a long period of time (about 3 months).This method is also used to determine how effective the treatment of diabetes in the last three months.

Treatment of diabetes

Doctors determine the comprehensive treatment of diabetes to support the normal composition of glucose glucose content.In this case, it is important to consider anythinghyperglycemia, that is, the increase in sugar levels norHypoglycemia, that is, is the fall.

The content of glucose must be at about the same level throughout the day.Such support allows us to prevent the manifestation of the complications of diabetes that are life-degree.Therefore, it is very important for a person to manage his state and be as disciplined as possible for the disease.Glikometer- This is a specially designed device, which makes it possible to measure glucose levels independently.You should take a drop of blood from your finger to analyze and apply to a test lane.

Beginners immediately after a diagnosis of diabetes in children and adults.The doctor determines the methods of treatment of diabetes, taking into account the occurrence of the patient's diabetes.

It is important to provide a lifelong hormone change therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.To do this, a patient with the first type of diabetes is diagnosed every day, should do insulin injections.There are no other treatment options in this situation.In 1921, the diabetes did not treat the diabetes before the role of insulin was determined.

The drug has a special classification of an insulin with a duration of where and the movement.Differentiatewhisker,porkAndmaninsulin.Due to the detection of a number of side effects, the bull insulin is used today.The closest structure for man is pork insulin.The difference is in oneamino acid.The effect of insulins may haveInsolent,Middle,Long.

As a rule, the patient produces insulin 20-30 minutes before eating.Bud, shoulder or stomach subcutaneously, the injection should be changed in each of the injectors.

When insulin is entered in blood, glucose stimulates the process of tissue from blood.If there were overdose, it is full of hypoglycemia.The symptoms of this situation are: the patient's vibrating, advanced sweating, heartbeat accelerates, a person feels a strong weakness.In this situation, a person must quickly increase the level of a human glucose level using several tablespoons of sugar or a glass of sweet water.

The insulin management scheme should be selected by a specialist, taking into account all the features of the body, as well as the image of life.The choice of daily insulin doses is in line with the physiological norm.The two hands of the hormone doses are admitted in the afternoon in the afternoon and afternoon.There are several different schemes for the application of injections, the expediency of use is determined by the doctor.Insulin doses are possible depending on a number of factorsdiet, Physical loads, characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism).An important role in determining the optimal adoption of insulin is given to the independent measurement and self-consideration of glucose levels.

In this case, the relevant diet in diabetes is very necessary.It is important for the patient to buy food according to a special scheme: three main meals and three additions.The power supply for diabetes is taken into account in the strongest increase in blood glucose content by carbohydrates.However, there are no serious restrictions on their use.It is important to take into account the amount of carbohydrates to choose the right dose of insulin, which is subject to normal human body weight.

If a person's second type of diabetes is diabetes, you may not usually take medication at the beginning of the disease.In this case, a diet in diabetes is important, which provides minimization and physical approach to the use of simple carbohydrates.If the diabetes is progressing, drug therapy is required.The doctor prescribes treatment with sugar.Selects the appropriate drugs from derivativessulfonelmochevina,Prandial Glycemia regulators.Fabric helps increase insulin sensitivityBiguanides(Medicines also lower the absorption of glucose in the gut) andthiazolidindo.When treatment does not have the effect of drugs, patients are determined by insulin therapy.

Diabetes, public recipes are also applied to a decrease in blood sugar.For this purpose, the application of grasses with such characteristics is used.These blue fruits, canvas seeds, leaves slash, laurel sheet, laurel sheet, nest fruits, burdock root, dioecious nettle leaves, etc.

Power supply for diabetes

For patientssugarType 1 DiabetesThe main treatment of diabetes is insulin injections and serves as an important addition to the dietary drug treatment, for patients2 Write diabetes- A dietary based on a diet is the main method of treatment.Since the normal functioning of diabetes is violatedpancreas, which causes the production of insulin in the assimilation of sugar by the body, then proper nutrition and diet is of great importance.Diet for diabetes, is used to normalize the exchange of carbohydrates and prevent fat metabolism.

What to eat:

• frequent and regular food (preferably4-5 timesIt is recommended to distribute equal use of carbohydrates for dishes, about the same time.
• The food should be richmacro-AndMicroelements(Zinc, calcium, phosphorus, potassium) and alsovitamin(Group B vitamins, A, P, Ascorbic acid, Retinol, Riboflavin, Tiamine);
• The food should be different;
• sugarIt's worth replacingSorbitol, Khsilit, Fructose, Aspartamorsugarcan be added to suitable food and drinks;
• You can use it before1.5 litersliquids a day;
• Carboidrates (vegetables, fruits, coarse flour bread), products (raw vegetables, beans, peas) are difficult and cholesterol - egg yolk, livers, livers, renalms are used;
• Diet should be seriously observed to avoid provoking the development or exacerbation of the disease.

Diet for diabetes does not prohibit sugar and in some cases the following products are recommended in the diet:

• Black or specialDiabetic bread(In 200-300 g day);
• Vegetable soups, cabbage soup, okroshki, beets;
• The soups made in the meat broth can be consumed twice a week;
• low-fat meat (beef, calves, rabbits), poultry (turkey), fish (pike perch, cod, pike) (about 100-150 g) in boiled, baked or cast form);
• Useful meals from grain (buckwheat, oatmeals, oatmeal) and pasta, legumes, legumes, the legumes can be consumed every day;
• Potatoes, carrots and beets - not more than 200 g.day;
• The rest of the vegetables - colored, cucumbers, spinach, tomatoes, tomatoes, eggplant, as well as can be consumed without restriction of herbs;
• Eggs cannot be more than 2 pieces;
• 200-300 grams.On the apple day, it is possible in the form of juices with orange, lemon, pulp;
• Dairy products (Kefir, Yogurt) with permission of -1-2 cups, cheese, milk and sour cream doctor;
• It is recommended to consume low-fat cottage cheese on a daily basis of 150-200 grams.in any form per day;
• It can be consumed up to 40 g per day.Hot butter and vegetable oil.

Withdrawal of drinks, black, green tea, weak coffee, juices, suicus, subitol or sorbitol, golden and mineral water are allowed to drink residents.

Important for people with diabetes.Easily digested carbohydrates.Such products include sugar, honey, jam, confectionery, sweets, chocolate.Fruits, use of cakes, muffins - bananas, raisins, grapes are strictly limited.In addition, it is worth minimizing the useFat foods, primarily fat, vegetables and butter, oil meat, sausage, mayonnaise.In addition, fried, sharp, spicy, spicy and smoked dishes, salted snacks, salty and acid vegetables, cream, alcohol are better.The salt salt per day can be consumed not more than 12 Q.

Diet for diabetes

Diet in diabetes should be observed without fail.In this case, the dietary features in diabetes, the normalization of carbohydrate metabolism in the human body and simultaneously facilitating pancreas.The diet is easily excluded by digested carbohydrates, limits the useoil.People with diabetes should consume a large number of vegetables, and at the same time limits cholesterol-kavt foods and salt.Meals should be cooked and cooked.

A patient with diabetes is recommended to eat many cabbage, tomatoes, zucchini, herbs, cucumber, beetroot.Instead of sugar, patients with diabetes can eat xylite, sorbitol, fructose.At the same time, you need to limit potatoes, bread, grain, carrots, oils, the amount of points.

It is forbidden to eat sweets, chocolate, sweets, traffic jams, bananas, spicy, smoked, ram and pork oil, mustard, grapes, grapes, raisins.

You should always get food at the same time, the food intake cannot pass.There should be many fiber in the meal.To do this, you must periodically include legumes, rice, oats, buckwheat.Any diabetes should drink a lot of liquid every day.

Diet # 9

Dietists have prepared a special diet recommended as a basic nutrition for diabetes.One feature of the number 9 diet can be adapted to the patient's individual tastes, can be added or to add some food.The diet in diabetes creates conditions for normalizing the exchange of carbohydrates, helps protect the patient's activity and generates consistent diseases, weight and energy costs, taking into account the severity of the disease.There is also a 9A diet that is used as a basis for the dietary assemblyThe light form of diabetes.Insulin and № 9B, for patients with a serious form of diabetes with insulin treatment and 9b patients in patients with 9B, in forms of obesity in various degrees in forms of obesity.Heavy formIt is often complicated with liver, gallbladder, pancreas diseases.

Diet # 9Approximately such a diet includes:

• First breakfast(Working at 7 am in the morning): buckwheat porridge, meat paste or low-protection cheese;Bread with Xlet, butter.
• Lunch(Lunch time, 12 hours of the day): Cutting cheese, 1 cup of kefir.
• Lunch(After work, 17 hours of the day): Plant soup, boiled meat, an apple or orange potatoes.Or: deleted cabbage soup, boiled meat from cooked carrots, river over Xylite.
• Lunch(At 20 pm): Boiled fish with cabbage or potato pins, rose decoction.
• A glass of kefir or yogurt before bedtime.

Prevention of diabetes

The prevention of diabetes ensures the healthier lifestyle protection.Additional pounds, you should not allow you to constantly play sports and sports.Each person should use fat and sweets.A person's forty-year-old or family had diabetes, and then prevent diabetes sugar provides regular testing of blood sugar.

Every day you should try to consume many fruits and vegetables, add more products in a high content of complex carbohydrates.It is equally important to follow the salt and sugar how much it enters the daily diet - in this case, abuse is not allowed.There should be many vitamins-contacts products in the diet.

In addition, it is important to be in a state of mind to prevent stressful situations to prevent diabetes.In addition, the violation of carbohydrate metabolism as a result of increasing pressure, so it is very important to prevent this situation.

Diabetes complication

If the treatment of diabetes is not carried out, human health and life is a certain threat or an error.According to such complications, a fatal result often occurs.It is an accustomed to distinguish the sharp complications of severe complications of severe complications that are rapidly developing in the patient, as well as several years later.

The sharp complications of diabetes are manifestedcoma: In this situation, the patient loses consciousness, the functions of a number of bodies - violated the functions of the liver, kidneys, heart and nervous system.The reasons for the development of coma are a strong changeacidityThe violation of blood, salts in the body and the ratio of water, the manifestation of large quantities of lactic acid, the sharp fall in the glucose level.

Like the late diabetes, the damage to the small vessels of the kidneys is often.If a large ship affects, the event occurring may occurfuss,myocardial infarktion,Gangrene legs.The human nervous system also suffers.